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February 4, 2025
Introduction:
The resurgence of Eurasian otters in Kashmir’s Gurez Valley marks environmental development. Once thought nearly extinct in the region, these otters have been sighted again after decades. A recent video captured in January 2025 showcases otters actively hunting fish in the Kishangana river. This footage represents the first live documentation of the species in Kashmir in over 25 years.
Historical Context
- Eurasian otters were once common in Kashmir’s rivers and streams during the late nineties.
- Their presence was noted by wildlife enthusiasts and locals alike.
- However, sightings became rare after 1997, leading to concerns about their population status.
- The decline was attributed to habitat loss, pesticide use, and poaching.
Scientific Classification
- The Eurasian otter, scientifically known as Lutra lutra, belongs to the Mustelidae family.
- It is a semi-aquatic carnivore found across Eurasia.
- This species is known by various names, including the European otter and common otter.
- Its distribution spans from the Middle East to Eastern Russia and parts of Asia.
Habitat and Behaviour
- Eurasian otters thrive in diverse aquatic habitats, including lakes, rivers, marshes, and coastal areas.
- They prefer cold hills and mountain streams in the Indian subcontinent.
- These otters are solitary creatures, often elusive and rarely seen in groups.
- Their adaptations for aquatic life include webbed feet and the ability to close their ears and nose underwater.
Conservation Status
- The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) classifies the Eurasian otter as near threatened.
- The Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 in India lists it under Schedule II.
- Conservation efforts are crucial to ensure the survival of this species in Kashmir.
- Recent sightings in Gurez Valley indicate a potential recovery, although the population remains vulnerable.
About Gurez Valley
- Gurez Valley is in the high Himalayas, about 86 km from Bandipore and 123 km from Srinagar (north of Kashmir Valley).
- The Kishanganga River flows through the valley.
- It lies near the Line of Control (LoC), bordering Pakistan-administered Kashmir.
- Due to the closure of Razdan Pass, Gurez remains cut off for six months each year.